Alba Carolina Citadel - details and images
Carolina White Castle is the most important tourist attraction in the city of Alba Iulia. Usually constructed during the years 1714-1738, is considered the most representative Vauban fortification bastion in Romania, or even south-eastern Europe.
It is the most impressive and most visible to tourists, incorporating within its walls all the other fortifications. Its construction is justified by historical circumstances. After the siege of Vienna and defeated the Turks in 1683, gradually, Transylvania was occupied by Austrian troops, the last prince of Transylvania, Michael Apafi I, died in 1690.
Fortress "Carolina White, extended on 70 hectares, was built in Vauban style, between 1715-1738, according to the plans of the Italian architect Giovanni Morando Visconti, the initiative of Emperor Charles VI of Habsburg.
Fortress is a star-shaped fort with walls thick, with seven bastions: Eugene of Savoy, St. Stephen, Trinity, St. Michael, St. Charles, St. Capistrano and St. Elizabeth. City walls are built of brick, stone quarry or Roman ruins, their thickness is based on 3M, and the top 1.20 m. The walls are supported by buttresses to counteract pushing the earth. Impressive building is surrounded by ditches.
The six triumphal gates provide access into the city were built in Baroque style, decorated with reliefs depicting mythological figures and scenes made by Johann Konig. Three gates were to town and the other three were to the field of training on the west. Gates impressed by the beauty of decoration, is unique in European military architecture. Of the six gates are still preserved in its original form only parts I, III and IV, and the second gate, there are still only side pillars. Decoration inspired by ancient mythology was created by sculptors like Johann Konig Johann Vischer and Giuseppe Tencalla.
Between the XVIII - XIX fortress served as the military center of Transylvania and general store weapons. Between its walls were held the most important events in the history of the Romanian people: epilogue Korea's revolt and the United Union of Transylvania with Romania on December 1, 1918.
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